Family |
Convolvulaceae |
English Name |
Giant potato |
Malayalam Name |
Palmutukku, Mothalkanta |
Tamil Name |
Nilappoosani, Nilapusini |
Kannada Name |
Bhuja gumbala, Guddagenasu |
Telugu Name |
Boochakra gadda, Chirugummudu |
Hindi Name |
Bhilaykand, Bhuyikohada |
Sanskrit Name |
Ksiravidari |
Trade Name
|
Giant potato |
Part Used |
Tubers and Leaves |
In Wild |
NA |
Under Cultivation |
NA |
Temperature |
28-32 C |
Rainfall |
800-1200 mm |
Farmers |
NA |
Traders |
NA |
Institution |
NA |
Individually |
NA |
State/Region |
NA |
District |
NA |
Nursery Information |
NA |
Yield |
Yield is around 1580 kg of fresh tuber per hectare. |
Economic of cultivation |
Cost of cultivation is ? 15000 per hectare.
Market price, as on Nov- Dec 2014, is Rs 30-40 per kg of dried rhizome. |
Quantitative quality standards |
1. Foreign matter: Nil
2. Ash: Not more than 7.0%
3. Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 2.0%
4. Ethanol-soluble extractive: Not less than
4.0%
5. Water-soluble extractive: Not less than 8% |
Description |
Stout perennial climbers with tuberous roots and glabrous stem. Leaves to 15 x 15 cm, orbicular in outline, palmately lobed, lobes elliptic, acuminate; petiole to 12 cm long. Flowers pink, in axillary, few to many- flowered cymes. Corolla widely campanulate, 2.5-3 cm long and 4-5 cm across. Capsule 14 x 12 mm, ovoid, glabrous, 4-seeded; seeds 7 x 5 mm, obtusely trigonous, densely covered with long cottony hairs. |
Agro technology/Cultivation practices |
Ipomoea mauritiana grows in dense and open forest, in riparian woodland, savanna with trees, dwarf forest near seashores, on river banks and in swamps, often on sandy soils, from sea-level up to 2500 m altitude with annual temperature of 28-32 C and annual rainfall of 800-1200 mm and can grows on almost all soil types.
Cultivation
1. Planting-stock production: Propagules can be raised from seeds
and stem cuttings
2. Seed propagation: Seeds are best suited for propagation. Seedlings are
raised in mother beds or polybags of 25 cm 10 cm size filled with
potting mixture of soil and farmyard manure and irrigate regularly.
Within 5-9 days, seeds germinate.
3. Vegetative propagation: Stem cutting of 10-15 cm length having 1 to 2
leaves are used and basal portion of cuttings are treated with Bavistin
solution (0.5%) prepared in water, for 30 minutes followed by IBA
(Indole-3-butyric acid) 6000 ppm for five hours and planted in polybags
filled with mixture of soil and farmyard manure and irrigate regularly.
4. Field planting: Seedlings are transplanted when they are 10-20 cm tall.
Pits of size 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm are dug at a spacing of 1 m x 1 m.
5. Manuring/Fertilization: Apply Farmyard manure as basal dosage during
field preparation.
6. Irrigation: During the initial stages of plant growth, the plants were
irrigated at an interval of 3-4 days. During flowering and fruiting
periods they were irrigated on alternate days.
7. Pest and diseases: No serious pests or diseases are reported in this
crop, but caterpillar of the moth (Eucromia polymena) has been reported
feeding the leaves. |
Harversting |
I. mauritiana tubers are harvested 10- 12 months after planting. Crop is generally harvested during January by digging out the tubers manually. |
Processing |
The harvested tubers are separated from the aerial parts, washed thoroughly and then dried under shade, packed in gunny bags before they are marketed. |
References |
NA |
